Table 5 Estimation results of the generalized ordered probit model
From: Reporting heterogeneity in self-assessed health among elderly Europeans
SAH | 1 vs. 2-5 | 1-2 vs. 3-5 | 1-3 vs. 4-5 | 1-4 vs. 5 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coeff. | p value | Coeff. | p value | Coeff. | p value | Coeff. | p value | |
Survey Period | 0.037 | (0.155) | 0.060 | (0.003) | 0.228 | (0.000) | 0.158 | (0.000) |
Gender | 0.088 | (0.000) | 0.088 | (0.000) | 0.088 | (0.000) | 0.088 | (0.000) |
Age | 0.079 | (0.000) | 0.084 | (0.000) | 0.061 | (0.000) | 0.016 | (0.276) |
Age2 | −0.047 | (0.000) | −0.048 | (0.000) | −0.035 | (0.000) | −0.006 | (0.561) |
Marital status | 0.056 | (0.001) | 0.056 | (0.001) | 0.056 | (0.001) | 0.056 | (0.001) |
Foreign | −0.027 | (0.707) | 0.145 | (0.014) | 0.190 | (0.002) | 0.321 | (0.000) |
Grandchildren | 0.028 | (0.279) | 0.036 | (0.080) | 0.097 | (0.000) | −0.032 | (0.331) |
Children | −0.017 | (0.468) | −0.017 | (0.468) | −0.017 | (0.468) | −0.017 | (0.468) |
Very low income | 0.106 | (0.000) | 0.106 | (0.000) | 0.106 | (0.000) | 0.106 | (0.000) |
Low income | 0.090 | (0.000) | 0.090 | (0.000) | 0.090 | (0.000) | 0.090 | (0.000) |
High income | −0.053 | (0.057) | −0.053 | (0.057) | −0.053 | (0.057) | −0.053 | (0.057) |
Very high income | −0.132 | (0.000) | −0.132 | (0.000) | −0.132 | (0.000) | −0.132 | (0.000) |
Education1 | −0.230 | (0.000) | −0.230 | (0.000) | −0.230 | (0.000) | −0.230 | (0.000) |
Edcuation2 | −0.411 | (0.000) | −0.508 | (0.000) | −0.492 | (0.000) | −0.321 | (0.000) |
Smoking | 0.046 | (0.040) | 0.084 | (0.000) | 0.078 | (0.000) | 0.165 | (0.000) |
Drinking | −0.116 | (0.000) | −0.116 | (0.000) | −0.116 | (0.000) | −0.116 | (0.000) |
Physical activity | −0.308 | (0.000) | −0.356 | (0.000) | −0.447 | (0.000) | −0.548 | (0.000) |
Physical health index | 0.016 | (0.000) | 0.023 | (0.000) | 0.034 | (0.000) | 0.032 | (0.000) |
Mental health index | 0.033 | (0.000) | 0.042 | (0.000) | 0.051 | (0.000) | 0.052 | (0.000) |
Doctor visits 1-3 | 0.366 | (0.000) | 0.280 | (0.000) | 0.177 | (0.000) | −0.074 | (0.222) |
Doctor visits 4-11 | 0.831 | (0.000) | 0.778 | (0.000) | 0.719 | (0.000) | 0.384 | (0.000) |
Doctor visits >11 | 1.045 | (0.000) | 1.107 | (0.000) | 1.174 | (0.000) | 0.808 | (0.000) |
Hospital nights 1-6 | 0.188 | (0.000) | 0.188 | (0.000) | 0.188 | (0.000) | 0.188 | (0.000) |
Hospital nights 7-14 | 0.322 | (0.000) | 0.322 | (0.000) | 0.322 | (0.000) | 0.322 | (0.000) |
Hospital nights >14 | 0.581 | (0.000) | 0.581 | (0.000) | 0.581 | (0.000) | 0.581 | (0.000) |
Austria | −0.437 | (0.037) | −0.832 | (0.000) | −1.913 | (0.000) | −1.511 | (0.000) |
Germany | 0.064 | (0.622) | −0.281 | (0.003) | −1.069 | (0.000) | −1.002 | (0.000) |
Sweden | −0.975 | (0.000) | −1.087 | (0.000) | −2.175 | (0.000) | −1.330 | (0.000) |
Netherlands | −0.437 | (0.000) | −0.432 | (0.000) | −0.407 | (0.000) | −0.848 | (0.000) |
Spain | 0.023 | (0.945) | −0.207 | (0.403) | −2.336 | (0.000) | −1.485 | (0.001) |
Italy | −0.345 | (0.271) | −0.241 | (0.307) | −1.969 | (0.000) | −1.242 | (0.002) |
Denmark | −0.850 | (0.000) | −1.213 | (0.000) | −1.616 | (0.000) | −1.085 | (0.000) |
Greece | −0.199 | (0.763) | −0.581 | (0.238) | −4.329 | (0.000) | −2.378 | (0.006) |
Switzerland | −0.786 | (0.134) | −0.962 | (0.014) | −4.289 | (0.000) | −2.576 | (0.000) |
Belgium | −0.371 | (0.160) | −0.521 | (0.009) | −2.066 | (0.000) | −1.431 | (0.000) |
Out-of-Pocket Exp. | 0.015 | (0.493) | 0.007 | (0.667) | 0.143 | (0.000) | 0.074 | (0.010) |
Public Health Exp. | −0.002 | (0.522) | −0.002 | (0.522) | −0.002 | (0.522) | −0.002 | (0.522) |
Effective Retirement Age | 0.020 | (0.198) | 0.029 | (0.027) | 0.063 | (0.000) | 0.070 | (0.001) |
_cons | −4.957 | (0.000) | −7.326 | (0.000) | −12.254 | (0.000) | −11.791 | (0.000) |
ρ | 0.417 | (0.000) | ||||||
N | 53931 | |||||||