Table 2 Regression estimates of OLS and spatial lag model specifications
From: National health insurance, social influence and antenatal care use in Ghana
Variables | Model 1 | Model 2 |
|---|---|---|
OLS | Spatial lag | |
Health insurance | 0.563* | 0.701** |
% who have health insurance | (1.75) | (2.26) |
Number of children | −0.158 | −0.171 |
No. of living children | (-1.24) | (-1.40) |
Distance as barrier | 0.178 | 0.248 |
% who find distance to health facility a problem | (0.28) | (0.41) |
Transportation as barrier | −0.804 | −0.910 |
% who find transportation a problem | (-1.30) | (-1.53) |
Age | 0.077** | 0.075** |
Age of woman | (2.22) | (2.25) |
Educational level of mother (no education as base) | 0.318 | 0.310 |
at least primary school education | (0.80) | (0.82) |
Wealth Quintiles (poorest as base) | ||
Poorer | 0.522 | 0.523 |
(1.09) | (1.14) | |
Middle | 0.373 | 0.305 |
(0.78) | (0.67) | |
Richer | 1.651*** | 1.462*** |
(3.25) | (2.99) | |
Richest | 2.367*** | 1.977*** |
(3.85) | (3.31) | |
Residence (rural as base) | 0.267 | 0.208 |
Urban | (0.99) | (0.81) |
Employment status (unemployed as base) | −0.391 | −0.297 |
Employed | (-0.98) | (-0.78) |
Region (Northern as base) | ||
Western | 0.556 | 0.248 |
(1.53) | (0.69) | |
Central | 0.465 | 0.281 |
(1.19) | (0.74) | |
Greater Accra | 0.677* | 0.008 |
(1.72) | (0.02) | |
Eastern | −0.187 | −0.376 |
(-0.53) | (-1.11) | |
Ashanti | 0.461 | 0.086 |
(1.39) | (0.26) | |
Brong Ahafo | 0.639* | 0.509 |
(1.80) | (1.50) | |
Upper East | 0.822** | 0.811** |
(2.02) | (2.09) | |
Upper West | 0.723* | 0.738** |
(1.93) | (2.07) | |
p (spatial lag co-efficient) | - | 0.628*** |
(3.59) | ||
Number of observations | 394 | 394 |
R-squared | 38.02% | 40.2% |