Figure 1

Smoking rates in Japan. Source: The National Nutrition Survey (1986–2002) and The National Nutrition and Health Survey (2003–2009), the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Note: The definitions of a current smoker differ by survey years. (i) 1986–1989: a current smoker is defined as a respondent who chooses “Yes” in response to the question “Do you smoke?”. (ii) 1990–2002: a respondent who chooses “Yes, I am a current smoker.” in response to the same question. (iii) 2003–2009: a respondent who smoked every day or most days of the week during the month just before the survey and has smoked more than 100 cigarettes or for more than six months.