Table 6 Average marginal effects from multi–level birth weight models, Z statistics in parentheses

Adequate prenatal care

-14.36

0.708

301.076

365.457

2121.26

(-0.48)

(0.02)

(1.04)

(1.11)

(1.72)

mother’s age at birth of child

-45.413

-13.375

-17.706

-19.669

-19.635

(-2.59)

(-0.76)

(-0.98)

(-1.05)

(-1.04)

Square of mother’s age at birth of child

0.716

0.264

0.33

0.36

0.358

(2.38)

(0.88)

(1.08)

(1.14)

(1.13)

Urban residence

-60.869

94.656

98.302

100.768

101.094

(-1.62)

(2.31)

(2.39)

(2.42)

(2.43)

Primary education

130.635

369.865

369.038

368.947

366.505

(2.63)

(6.60)

(6.59)

(6.58)

(6.45)

Secondary education

113.868

680.26

678.267

677.87

684.583

(2.04)

(7.94)

(7.91)

(7.91)

(7.92)

Higher education

81.324

775.407

720.137

706.745

678.97

(1.19)

(7.37)

(6.11)

(5.78)

(5.38)

Final say on own health care

10.707

0.224

-1.544

-2.146

-3.928

(0.31)

(0.01)

(-0.05)

(-0.06)

(-0.12)

First born child

-83.587

113.293

120.996

123.401

126.334

(-2.48)

(2.79)

(2.93)

(2.96)

(3.02)

Male child

117.638

126.283

125.46

124.948

125.745

(4.78)

(5.18)

(5.14)

(5.11)

(5.14)

Wealth index

-14.082

193.084

197.401

198.632

201.448

(-1.02)

(6.97)

(7.05)

(7.05)

(7.07)

Selection residual

-2106.914

-2223.24

-2264.1

-2292.424

(-8.56)

(-8.23)

(-7.85)

(-7.79)

Prenatal care residual

-171.664

-254.642

-300.713

(-1.04)

(-0.97)

(-1.09)

Interaction of prenatal care with residual

59.945

-4037.807

(0.41)

(-1.42)

Square of Interaction of prenatal care with residual

3114.758

(1.40)

Cube of Interaction of prenatal care with residual

-746.803

(-1.34)

ѱ

203813.423

182023.396

181393.365

181389.958

181478.556

ρ

0.449

0.414

0.413

0.413

0.414

LR test for ρ =0: ${\chi }_1^2(P-\mathit{\text{value}})$

133.77 (0.00)

115.08 (0.00)

114.18 (0.00)

114.17 (0.00)

114.43 (0.00)

Number of observations

2,741

2,741

2,741

2,741

2,741