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Table 4 Overview of variable specification and corresponding share of observations

From: Out-of-pocket expenditure by private households for dental services – empirical evidence from Austria

Variables

Percentage of observations

S.D.

Definition

Household structure

 Single person 1

12.98

0.44

Household consists of 1 adult, single.

 Single person II

16.80

0.49

Household consists of 1 adult, either married, divorced or widowed.

 Unmarried couple

5.93

0.31

Household consists of 2 adults, unmarried.

 Married couple

10.13

0.40

Household consists of 2 adults, married, members are below 60 years.

 Empty nest

13.98

0.46

Household consists of 2 adults, married, members are above 60 years.

 Full nest 1

12.37

0.43

Household consists of 2 adults, members are below 40 years, at least one child.

 Full nest II

13.36

0.45

Household consists of 2 adults, members are above 40 years, at least one child.

 Married couple w/o childs

6.22

0.32

Household consists of more than 3 adults, married, no children.

 Single parents

7.97

0.36

Household consists of one adult, at least one child,

Degree of urbanization

 High urbanization

35.65

0.63

Areas with a population of at least 50,000 and more than 500 inhabitants per square kilometer.

 Average urbanization

25.90

0.58

Areas with a population of at least 50,000 and 100–500 inhabitants per square kilometer.

 Low urbanization

38.45

0.54

All other areas.

Age structure

 Age <25

3.59

0.24

Average age of both adults. Refers to householder, if household consists of one adult.

 Age 25–45

37.67

0.64

Average age of both adults. Refers to householder, if household consists of one adult.

 Age 45–55

39.31

0.64

Average age of both adults. Refers to householder, if household consists of one adult.

 Age 65–85

19.42

0.52

Average age of both adults. Refers to householder, if household consists of one adult.

Education level

 Primary education

12.74

0.44

Both adults have a primary education level. This also includes households consisting of one adult.

 Other education

78.43

0.54

Both adults have a mixed or secondary education level. This also includes households consisting of one adult.

 Tertiary education

8.83

0.37

Both adults have a secondary education level. This also includes households cons/sting of one adult.

Insurance characteristics (public)

 GKK

70.43

0.60

Workers in the private sector. Refers to householder’s insurance type:

 BVA

18.28

0.51

Public servants. Refers to householder’s insurance type.

 SVA

8.36

0.36

Employers. Refers to householders insurance type.

 SVB

2.92

0.22

Farmers. Refers to householder’s insurance type

 Additional private health insurance (1)

11.61

0.42

One adult of the household has an additional health insurance.

 Additional private health insurance (2)

20.67

0.53

All adults have an additional health insurance. This includes households consisting of one adult.

Other characteristics

 Female householder

32.73

0.62

Householder is female.

 Income

2986.40

2025.56

Monthly household Income in Euros.