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Table 5 Characteristics of excluded studies

From: Does performance-based financing increase value for money in low- and middle- income countries? A systematic review

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Authors (year)

Reason for exclusiona

1

Agee & Gates (2012)

Not focused on LMIC

2

Allen, Nobel & Burton (2012)

Not focused on LMIC

3

Awoonor-Williams (2013)

Main focus not on PBF intervention

4

Baral (2012)

Not an economic evaluation

5

Bernstein (2014)

Not an empirical study

6

Blecker (2014)

Not focused on LMIC

7

Blumenthal, Song, Jena & Ferris (2013)

Not focused on LMIC

8

Broughton et al. (2013)

Main focus not on PBF intervention

9

Chee (2003)

Main focus not on PBF intervention

10

Cheng, Lee & Chen (2012)

Not focused on LMIC

11

Eichler et al. (2013)

Not an empirical study

12

Falisse, Meessen, Ndayishimiye & Brossuyt (2012)

Not an economic evaluation

13

Gerber-Grote & Windeler (2014)

Main focus not on PBF intervention

14

Ginsburg (2013)

Not focused on LMIC

15

Greene, Hibbard & Overton (2014)

Not focused on LMIC

16

Higgs,Stammer, Roth & Balster (2013)

Not an empirical study

17

Himmelstein, Ariely & Woolhandler (2014)

Not focused on LMIC

18

Holcombe (2014)

Not focused on LMIC

19

Hupp (2014)

Not focused on LMIC

20

Ireland, Paul & Dujardin (2011)

Not an empirical study

21

Jeong (2012)

Not an economic evaluation

22

Johnson & Higgins (2014)

Not an empirical study

23

Karash (2013)

Not an empirical study

24

Lee, Cheng, Chen & Lai (2010)

Not focused on LMIC

25

Lorincz, Lawson & Long (2013)

Not focused on LMIC

26

Maynard (2011)

Not focused on LMIC

27

McMahon & Chopra (2012)

Not focused on LMIC

28

Moore & DeBuono (2013)

Not focused on LMIC

29

Peabody et al. (2010)

Main focus not on PBF intervention

30

Rajkumar, Conway & Tavenner (2014)

Not focused on LMIC

31

Ran, Luo, Wu, Yao & Feng (2013)

Not an economic evaluation

32

Robeznieks (2012)

Not an economic evaluation

33

Rosenau, Lal & Lako (2012)

Not focused on LMIC

34

Ryan (2013)

Not focused on LMIC

35

Saronga et al. (2014)

Main focus not on PBF intervention

36

Swensen, Dilling, Mc Carty, Bolton & Harper (2013)

Not focused on LMIC

37

Tan, Pwu, Chen & Yang (2014)

Not focused on LMIC

38

Tummers, Schrijvers & Visser-Meily (2013)

Not focused on LMIC

39

VanLare, Blum & Conway (2012)

Not focused on LMIC

40

Wilson (2013)

Not focused on LMIC

41

Wranik (2012)

Not focused on LMIC

42

Yip et al. (2014)

Not an economic evaluation

43

Zeng, Rwiyereka, Amico, Avila-Figueroa & Shepard (2014)

Not an economic evaluation

  1. a Articles that were excluded often did not meet more than one inclusion criteria. However, only one reason for exclusion is mentioned in the table above