Table 4 Individual fixed-effects regression of health care of children
From: The impact of health insurance programs for children: evidence from Vietnam
Explanatory variables | Panel data VHLSSs 2006–2008 | Panel data VHLSSs 2010–2012 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of health visits | Having out-of-pocket expenditure on health care | Log of out-of-pocket expenditure per health care visit | Number of health visits | Having out-of-pocket expenditure on health care | Log of out-of-pocket expenditure per health care visit | |
Student health insurance | 0.1242* | 0.0077 | −0.2732 | 0.1357* | 0.0064 | −0.0596 |
(0.0676) | (0.0232) | (0.1682) | (0.0770) | (0.0350) | (0.2609) | |
Free health insurance | 0.2008** | 0.0144 | −0.1580** | 0.6605*** | 0.1398*** | −0.6341* |
(0.0948) | (0.0282) | (0.0740) | (0.1178) | (0.0419) | (0.3536) | |
Enrolment in school | 0.0221 | 0.0249 | 0.0191 | 0.0311 | 0.0212 | 0.5818 |
(0.1129) | (0.0381) | (0.3453) | (0.1392) | (0.0561) | (0.3701) | |
Log of per capita income | 0.0201 | 0.0234 | −0.0077 | 0.1140 | 0.0269 | −0.1908 |
(0.0667) | (0.0273) | (0.1957) | (0.0705) | (0.0300) | (0.1940) | |
Household size | −0.2693*** | −0.0106 | −0.1372 | 0.0116 | −0.0105 | −0.0141 |
(0.0423) | (0.0158) | (0.1435) | (0.0497) | (0.0126) | (0.1406) | |
Proportion of children | −0.0293 | 0.0431 | 1.2379 | −0.1327 | −0.1829 | −0.0789 |
(0.2799) | (0.0955) | (0.7870) | (0.3252) | (0.1212) | (0.9634) | |
Proportion of elderly | 0.3749 | 0.2408 | −0.3678 | 0.2187 | 0.0948 | −0.5288 |
(0.6170) | (0.2146) | (1.6220) | (0.7066) | (0.2687) | (1.9081) | |
Number of doctors per 1000 people | 0.4352 | −0.0825 | 2.1253 | 0.4993 | −0.0973 | −1.0901 |
(0.6049) | (0.1960) | (1.7182) | (0.3444) | (0.1326) | (1.1539) | |
Number of hospital per 1000 people | −0.1009 | −0.0826 | −0.0838 | 0.2649 | −0.0772 | 0.0661 |
(0.8291) | (0.0987) | (0.1260) | (0.1944) | (0.0601) | (0.3292) | |
Dummy year (2008 or 2012)a | −0.4648*** | −0.0580** | 0.4503** | −0.4183*** | −0.0472* | 0.0191 |
(0.0717) | (0.0266) | (0.2210) | (0.0563) | (0.0249) | (0.1675) | |
Constant | 0.2047 | 3.9243* | 0.2988 | 6.4762*** | ||
(0.2877) | (2.1315) | (0.3188) | (2.1145) | |||
Observations | 2,296 | 5,013 | 1,279 | 2,008 | 4,110 | 1,094 |
R-squared | 0.005 | 0.080 | 0.017 | 0.033 | ||