Table 2 Regression Results

Per Capita Consumption Expenditure (in hundreds)

0.0175***

0.0440**

0.0410**

(0.00426)

(0.0173)

(0.0171)

Wealth Index

0.858***

3.000***

2.940***

(0.166)

(0.927)

(0.998)

Child Age in Months

−0.00259***

−0.00322***

−0.00326***

−0.00240***

−0.00296***

−0.00297***

(0.000509)

(0.000676)

(0.000702)

(0.000502)

(0.000592)

(0.000625)

Sex of Child (1 = female)

0.0248

0.0164

0.0212

0.0411

0.0581

0.0591

(0.0496)

(0.0484)

(0.0502)

(0.0479)

(0.0501)

(0.0524)

Child in School (1 = yes)

0.00603

0.00596

0.00854**

0.00683**

0.00751**

0.00916***

(0.00367)

(0.00367)

(0.00383)

(0.00345)

(0.00306)

(0.00343)

Mother’s Education = Primary

0.0964

0.0804

0.0663

0.0942

0.0484

0.0239

(0.0678)

(0.0680)

(0.0729)

(0.0671)

(0.0778)

(0.0862)

Mother’s Education = Secondary

0.132*

0.110

0.0880

0.103

−0.0124

−0.0134

(0.0672)

(0.0668)

(0.0736)

(0.0630)

(0.0814)

(0.0886)

Mother’s Education = Higher

0.422***

0.339**

0.296*

0.457***

0.311**

0.297*

(0.139)

(0.147)

(0.156)

(0.127)

(0.145)

(0.157)

Father’s Education = Primary

0.110

0.102

0.0924

0.0904

0.0305

0.0390

(0.0664)

(0.0648)

(0.0669)

(0.0653)

(0.0721)

(0.0740)

Father’s Education = Secondary

0.106*

0.0851

0.0776

0.0913

0.00313

−0.00127

(0.0554)

(0.0551)

(0.0561)

(0.0568)

(0.0689)

(0.0698)

Father’s Education = Higher

0.128*

0.0624

0.0492

0.0745

−0.155

−0.164

(0.0739)

(0.0776)

(0.0786)

(0.0783)

(0.119)

(0.122)

Mother’s Height (in centimetres)

0.00191***

0.00188***

0.00194***

0.00193***

0.00205***

0.00212***

(0.000428)

(0.000431)

(0.000451)

(0.000431)

(0.000439)

(0.000441)

Number of Adults

0.00565

0.00860

0.0160*

0.00169

−0.00385

−0.000914

(0.00957)

(0.00970)

(0.00935)

(0.00901)

(0.00994)

(0.0101)

Monthly Expenditure on Entertainment

0.000424*

9.72e-05

0.000133

0.000381**

−0.000293

−0.000106

(0.000221)

(0.000312)

(0.000307)

(0.000175)

(0.000407)

(0.000308)

Anyone smoke in Household (1 = yes)

−0.159***

−0.163***

−0.137***

−0.123***

−0.0374

−0.0255

(0.0430)

(0.0417)

(0.0428)

(0.0427)

(0.0531)

(0.0554)

Shock in the Last Three Years (1 = yes)

−0.147***

−0.159***

−0.162***

−0.101**

−0.0514

−0.0622

(0.0510)

(0.0517)

(0.0535)

(0.0486)

(0.0546)

(0.0558)

Residence (1 = rural)

−0.112**

−0.113**

−0.00769

−0.0640

0.166

0.0902

(0.0495)

(0.0484)

(0.0941)

(0.0614)

(0.129)

(0.152)

Muslim

0.0863

0.124

0.104

0.0414

0.0673

0.0863

(0.0800)

(0.0858)

(0.0916)

(0.0854)

(0.0864)

(0.0848)

Other Religions

−0.0548

−0.0443

−0.0569

−0.0183

0.00734

0.0300

(0.167)

(0.169)

(0.163)

(0.162)

(0.188)

(0.177)

Scheduled Castes

0.262***

0.251***

0.287***

0.201**

0.0528

0.0916

(0.0981)

(0.0960)

(0.104)

(0.0910)

(0.108)

(0.117)

Backward Class

0.244***

0.199**

0.260***

0.177**

−0.0678

−0.00747

(0.0806)

(0.0850)

(0.0908)

(0.0759)

(0.133)

(0.146)

Other Castes

0.383***

0.310***

0.360***

0.301***

0.0103

0.0562

(0.0959)

(0.105)

(0.111)

(0.0895)

(0.155)

(0.171)

Rayalaseema

−0.215***

−0.259***

−0.222***

−0.167**

−0.136*

−0.0857

(0.0712)

(0.0774)

(0.0838)

(0.0725)

(0.0785)

(0.0780)

Telangana

−0.235***

−0.314***

−0.268***

−0.174***

−0.162**

−0.0933

(0.0661)

(0.0764)

(0.0883)

(0.0644)

(0.0648)

(0.0620)

Public Hospital Available (1 = yes)

0.0566

−0.0504

(0.120)

(0.126)

Private Hospital Available (1 = yes)

0.172

0.154*

(0.105)

(0.0929)

Public Health Centre Available (1 = yes)

−0.0731

−0.0120

(0.0680)

(0.0800)

Private Health Centre Available (1 = yes)

−0.0478

−0.140

(0.104)

(0.0986)

Community Education

0.0379**

0.0435**

(0.0180)

(0.0192)

Community Entertainment Expenditure

−0.00176

−0.00406**

(0.00136)

(0.00166)

Mean Adults in Community

−0.0994**

−0.0755*

(0.0422)

(0.0390)

Constant

−1.662***

−1.694***

−1.604***

−2.036***

−3.204***

−2.743***

(0.152)

(0.149)

(0.265)

(0.217)

(0.539)

(0.584)

Endogeneity test (\( p \)-value)

-

0.0499

0.0590

-

0.0374

0.0584

Overidentification test (\( p \)-value)

-

0.4851

0.3368

-

0.3904

0.3742

Weak identification test (Cragg-Donald Wald \( F \)-stat)

-

66.182

65.326

-

31.830

28.812

Underidentification test (\( p \)-value)

-

0.000

0.000

-

0.000

0.000

Observations

2,589

2,589

2,465

2,676

2,676

2,540