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Table 5 Effect of number of health facility visits on NHIS renewal

From: Utilization of healthcare services and renewal of health insurance membership: evidence of adverse selection in Ghana

  

Years

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Odds

Odds

Odds

Odds

Odds

Healthcare Utilization

One Visit

1.68***

2.48***

1.82***

1.92***

2.14***

 

Two visits

1.61***

2.90***

1.86***

1.86***

1.76***

 

Three Visits

1.33

3.51***

1.88***

1.86***

1.65**

 

Four Visits

2.76

4.67***

1.93***

1.95***

0.70

 

Five Visits

1.22

4.48***

1.96***

1.98***

0.72

 

More than Five Visits

 

6.76***

1.72***

2.08***

 

Sex

Male

0.99

0.92***

0.95***

0.92***

0.92***

Age Group

Children 1–17 Years

0.99

0.89***

0.86***

1.11***

1.18***

 

Age 18–39

0.53***

0.26***

0.34***

0.56***

0.43***

 

Age 40–59

0.69***

0.44***

0.59***

0.98

0.77***

 

Age 60+

0.19***

0.55***

0.73***

1.28***

0.85***

Exemption Categories

Children under 18 Years

0.53***

0.47***

0.70***

0.99

0.74***

 

70 Years & Above

5.11***

1.28***

1.24***

1.29***

1.56***

 

SSNIT Contributor

1.24***

1.59***

1.59***

1.65***

1.73***

 

SSNIT Pensioner

5.43***

1.67***

2.25***

2.22***

2.80***

 

Indigent

0.67***

0.27***

0.44***

0.62***

0.94***

 

Pregnant Woman

1.68***

1.88***

1.68***

1.44***

1.32***

 

LEAP

0.33**

1.65**

1.02***

1.33*

1.15

Region

Greater Accra

1.31***

0.87***

1.09***

0.83***

0.62***

 

Constant

0.37***

1.67***

1.54***

1.09***

1.39***

 

Number of observations

834487

997544

1298711

1644807

1965648

  1. Source: NHIS Enrolment and Utilisation Data for the years 2008 – 2013
  2. Note: Odds ratio are reported with reference Categories, Healthcare Utilization (Did not utilized healthcare in previous year); Sex (Female); Age Group (Babies under 1 Year); Enrolment Categories (Informal Sector Employees). Note: * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.000