Table 3 Westerlund Panel Cointegration Test
From: Is health care a necessary or luxury product for Asian countries? An answer using panel approach
Westerlund (2007) ECM Panel Cointegration Test, H 0 : No Cointegration | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
HCE, GDP and IM | HCE, GDP and LE | |||
Statistic | Stat. | Prob. | Stat. | Prob. |
Deterministic Specification: No Constant & Trend | ||||
Gt | −2.702a | 0.000 | −2.788a | 0.000 |
Ga | −7.807b | 0.015 | −6.778 | 0.148 |
Pt | −16.120a | 0.000 | −12.352a | 0.000 |
Pa | −11.134a | 0.000 | −2.579 | 0.461 |
Deterministic Specification: Constant Only | ||||
Gt | −2.912a | 0.000 | −3.074a | 0.000 |
Ga | −7.555 | 0.934 | −6.475 | 0.994 |
Pt | −18.933a | 0.000 | −18.24a | 0.000 |
Pa | −6.287 | 0.326 | −6.512 | 0.244 |
Deterministic Specification: Constant & Trend | ||||
Gt | −2.921a | 0.003 | −3.096a | 0.000 |
Ga | −5.376 | 1.000 | −4.293 | 1.000 |
Pt | −18.059a | 0.000 | −16.477a | 0.001 |
Pa | −5.223 | 1.000 | −5.665 | 1.000 |