Table 4 Econometric results
From: Discrete-choice modelling of patient preferences for modes of drug administration
Dependent variable: CHOICE PROBABILITY | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MNL model | HMNL model | EMNL model | MMNL model | LCMNL model | ||
Variables/Coefficients: | \( \widehat{\upbeta}(SE) \) | \( \widehat{\upbeta} \)(SE) | \( \widehat{\upbeta}(SE) \) | \( \widehat{\upbeta_{\mathrm{s}}}(SE) \) | \( {\widehat{\upbeta}}_1(SE) \) | \( {\widehat{\upbeta}}_2(SE) \) |
INTRAVENOUS | −0.011 (0.091) | 0.005 (0.057) | 0.017 (0.042) | −0.026 (0.110) | −0.119 (0.439) | 0.021 (0.123) |
SUBCUTANEOUS | 0.021 (0.043) | 0.016 (0.027) | 0.002 (0.019) | −0.016 (0.049) | −0.073 (0.130) | 0.070 (0.060) |
INTRAMUSCULAR | −0.136 (0.049)** | −0.090 (0.031)** | −0.111 (0.037)** | −0.123 (0.053)* | −0.560 (0.210)** | −0.219 (0.064)*** |
DOSFREQ | −0.001 (0.000)*** | −0.0005 (0.000)*** | −0.001 (0.000)** | −0.001 (0.000)*** | −0.003 (0.001)*** | −0.001 (0.000)** |
NONCLINICAL_SELF | 0.167 (0.037)*** | 0.108 (0.025)*** | 0.112 (0.038)** | 0.210 (0.039)*** | 0.424 (0.128)*** | 0.146 (0.045)** |
NONCLINICAL_SUPV | −0.122 (0.028)*** | −0.078 (0.019)*** | −0.067 (0.025)** | −0.120 (0.030)*** | −0.124 (0.093) | −0.098 (0.037)** |
DDA_MODERATE1 | 0.391 (0.033)*** | 0.239 (0.033)*** | 0.214 (0.074)** | 0.437 (0.038)*** | 1.210 (0.150)*** | 0.264 (0.050)*** |
DDA_MODERATE2 | −0.267 (0.042)*** | −0.171 (0.032)*** | −0.167 (0.059)** | −0.300 (0.046)*** | −1.058 (0.141)*** | −0.075 (0.061) |
DDA_SEVERE | −0.525 (0.039)*** | −0.336 (0.044)*** | −0.308 (0.103)** | −0.588 (0.044)*** | −1.376 (0.184)*** | −0.324 (0.057)*** |
RAE_MODERATE | 0.169 (0.034)*** | 0.108 (0.024)*** | 0.111 (0.041)** | 0.212 (0.038)*** | 0.522 (0.141)*** | 0.067 (0.043) |
RAE_SEVERE | −0.743 (0.039)*** | −0.461 (0.056)*** | −0.406 (0.138)** | −0.869 (0.044)*** | −2.342 (0.215)*** | −0.204 (0.059)*** |
COST | −0.008 (0.001)*** | −0.005 (0.001)*** | −0.004 (0.001)** | −0.0118 (0.040)*** | −0.012 (0.002)*** | −0.008 (0.001)*** |
A | −0.054 (0.054) | −0.033 (0.034) | 0.002 (0.025) | −0.073 (0.066) | 0.370 (0.274) | −0.122 (0.073)! |
Entropy\( \left(\widehat{\uptheta_1},\widehat{\uptheta_2}\right) \) | ― | ― | (1.026, 0.717) | ― | ― | |
\( {\widehat{\alpha}}_0 \)(FEMALE) | ― | 0.170 (0.035)*** | ― | ― | ― | |
\( {\widehat{\alpha}}_1 \)(VOCATIONAL) | ― | −0.230 (0.085)** | ― | ― | ― | |
\( {\widehat{\alpha}}_2 \)(GCSEs_O + A) | ― | −0.199 (0.054)*** | ― | ― | ― | |
\( {\widehat{\pi}}_c \) | ― | ― | ― | ― | 0.49 | 0.51 |
\( {\widehat{\gamma}}_c \)(VOCATIONAL) | ― | ― | ― | ― | −0.892 (0.324)** | — |
\( {\widehat{\gamma}}_c \)(GCSEs_O + A) | ― | ― | ― | ― | 0.577 (0.203)** | — |
\( {\widehat{\gamma}}_c \)(FEMALE) | — | — | — | — | 0.285 (0.122)* | — |
\( {\widehat{\gamma}}_c \)(RESPONDENTAGE) | 0.024 (0.009)** | |||||
Log-likelihood (AIC) | −2855.357 (5736.713) | −2812.19 (5670.381) | −2837.971 (5670.381) | −2782.51 (5611.019) | −2652.879 (5379.757) | |