From: Some microeconometric evidence on the relationship between health and income
Variables | Absolute income | IIH | |
---|---|---|---|
Hypothesis | Strong version | Weak version | |
Income | \(\underset {(1.22\text {e-}07)}{1.84\text {e-}06^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(1.20\text {e-}07)}{1.84\text {e-}06^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(1.44\text {e-}07)}{1.89\text {e-}06^{{ ***}}}\) |
Income squared | \(\underset {(1.55\text {e-}14)}{-2.06\text {e-}13^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(1.50\text {e-}14)}{-2.04\text {e-}13^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(1.73\text {e-}14)}{-2.09\text {e-}13^{{ ***}}}\) |
Quintiles of income: Reference - Q5 | |||
Quintile 1 | \(\underset {(0.029)}{-0.258^{{ ***}}}\) | ||
Quintile 2 | \(\underset {(0.028)}{-0.201^{{ ***}}}\) | ||
Quintile 3 | \(\underset {(0.027)}{-0.115^{{ ***}}}\) | ||
Quintile 4 | \(\underset {(0.026)}{-0.053^{{ ***}}}\) | ||
Index of inequalities (II) - Theil | \(\underset {(0.024)}{-0.403^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.049)}{-0.838^{{ ***}}}\) | |
Interaction quintile 1 and II | \(\underset {(0.069)}{0.115^{{ *}}}\) | ||
Interaction quintile 2 and II | \(\underset {(0.068)}{0.114^{{ *}}}\) | ||
Interaction quintile 3 and II | \(\underset {(0.068)}{0.023}\) | ||
Interaction quintile 4 and II | \(\underset {(0.068)}{0.062}\) | ||
GDP | \(\underset {(4.53\text {e-}07)}{1.99\text {e-}06^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.049)}{0.0001^{{ ***}}}\) | |
Age | \(\underset {(0.006)}{0.037^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.006)}{0.019^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.006)}{0.037^{{ ***}}}\) |
Age squared | \(\underset {(0.00004)}{-0.0004^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.0004)}{-0.0003^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.00004)}{-0.0004^{{ ***}}}\) |
Years of education | \(\underset {(0.001)}{0.034^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.001)}{0.028^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.001)}{0.026^{{ ***}}}\) |
Gender =1 if women | \(\underset {(0.009)}{0.003}\) | \(\underset {(0.009)}{0.005}\) | \(\underset {(0.009)}{0.007}\) |
Marital Status: Reference - Married | |||
Registered partnership | \(\underset {(0.035)}{-0.042}\) | \(\underset {(0.035)}{-0.006}\) | \(\underset {(0.035)}{0.058^{{ *}}}\) |
Married, not living with spouse | \(\underset {(0.039)}{-0.094^{{ **}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.039)}{0.004}\) | \(\underset {(0.039)}{-0.076^{{ **}}}\) |
Never married | \(\underset {(0.019)}{-0.071^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.019)}{0.023}\) | \(\underset {(0.019)}{0.023}\) |
Divorced | \(\underset {(0.015)}{-0.045^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.016)}{0.068^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.018)}{0.032^{{ **}}}\) |
Widowed | \(\underset {(0.014)}{-0.024^{{ *}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.015)}{0.055^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.014)}{0.015}\) |
Job Situation: Reference Retired | |||
Employed | \(\underset {(0.014)}{0.253^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.014)}{0.224^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.014)}{0.246^{{ ***}}}\) |
Unemployed | \(\underset {(0.028)}{-0.212^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.028)}{-0.103^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.028)}{-0.176^{{ ***}}}\) |
Permanently sick | \(\underset {(0.026)}{-1.25^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.026)}{-1.069^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.026)}{-1.207^{{ ***}}}\) |
Home-maker | \(\underset {(0.017)}{-0.059^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.017)}{-0.064^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.017)}{-0.056^{{ ***}}}\) |
Other | \(\underset {(0.031)}{-0.236^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.031)}{-1.169^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(0.031)}{-0.207^{{ ***}}}\) |
Mechanisms IIHs: | |||
1 st: % Health expenditure in GDP | \(\underset {(0.003)}{0.077^{{ ***}}}\) | ||
2 nd: Received help from others | \(\underset {(0.006)}{-0.179^{{ ***}}}\) | ||
2 nd bis: Given help from others | \(\underset {(0.0001)}{0.001^{{ ***}}}\) | ||
3 rd: Life satisfaction | \(\underset {(0.003)}{0.216^{{ ***}}}\) | ||
Cut-point μ 1 | \(\underset {(0.216)}{-0.474}\) | \(\underset {(0.219)}{0.899}\) | \(\underset {(0.215)}{-0.428}\) |
Cut-point μ 2 | \(\underset {(0.216)}{0.615}\) | \(\underset {(0.219)}{2.076}\) | \(\underset {(0.215)}{0.632}\) |
Cut-point μ 3 | \(\underset {(0.216)}{1.746}\) | \(\underset {(0.219)}{3.261}\) | \(\underset {(0.215)}{1.728}\) |
Cut-point μ 4 | \(\underset {(0.216)}{2.592}\) | \(\underset {(0.219)}{4.133}\) | \(\underset {(0.215)}{2.548}\) |
ME at mean of absolute income on: | |||
Pr(Poor health) | \(\underset {(1.92\text {e-}08)}{-2.84\text {e-}07^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(1.71\text {e-}08)}{-2.58\text {e-}07^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(2.32\text {e-}08)}{-3.02\text {e-}07^{{ ***}}}\) |
Pr(Fair health) | \(\underset {(2.05\text {e-}08)}{-3.06\text {e-}07^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(1.95\text {e-}08)}{-2.97\text {e-}07^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(2.49\text {e-}08)}{-3.24\text {e-}07^{{ ***}}}\) |
Pr(Good health) | \(\underset {(6.44\text {e-}09)}{8.80\text {e-}08^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(4.97\text {e-}09)}{6.65\text {e-}08^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(7.80\text {e-}09)}{9.56\text {e-}08^{{ ***}}}\) |
Pr(Very good health) | \(\underset {(1.78\text {e-}08)}{2.65\text {e-}07^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(1.68\text {e-}08)}{2.55\text {e-}07^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(2.14\text {e-}08)}{2.79\text {e-}07^{{ ***}}}\) |
Pr(Excellent health) | \(\underset {(1.59\text {e-}08)}{2.37\text {e-}07^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(1.54\text {e-}08)}{2.34\text {e-}07^{{ ***}}}\) | \(\underset {(1.92\text {e-}08)}{2.51\text {e-}07^{{ ***}}}\) |