Table 1 Texas Reform Measures, 2003

Limits noneconomic damages to $250,000

Defendants can appeal class certification directly to the Texas Supreme Court to decide up front, not after years of costly litigation, if the plaintiff has a class action.

Law ensures that lawyers are paid in coupons if clients in a class-action suit get paid in coupons.

A new standard to ensure sued parties pay only their proportionate responsibility.

Reformed product liability laws so retailers are not liable for a manufacturer’s mistake.

Enacted liability limits for good Samaritans, volunteer firefighters, charity volunteers and teachers.

Closed loopholes that allowed trial lawyers to venue shop.