Table 3 Health Care utilisation in SHARE: latent class negative binomial conditionally correlated random effects model

Low users

High users

Low users

High users

Low users

High users

Age

1.012

1.021

1.016

0.989

1.055

1.000

[0.013]

[0.014]

[0.015]

[0.013]

[0.048]

[0.056]

Age squared

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

1.000

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

[0.000]

Male

0.909***

0.99

0.967*

1.013

1.239***

1.186**

[0.016]

[0.019]

[0.019]

[0.020]

[0.069]

[0.089]

Married

1.057**

1.000

1.032

0.983

1.045

1.155

[0.025]

[0.023]

[0.027]

[0.023]

[0.081]

[0.132]

Immigrant

1.042

0.978

0.977

0.996

1.212*

0.738*

[0.037]

[0.038]

[0.035]

[0.037]

[0.123]

[0.125]

Secondary education

1.029

1.008

0.989

0.917***

1.048

1.062

[0.023]

[0.023]

[0.025]

[0.021]

[0.072]

[0.097]

Tertiary education

1.077***

1.082**

0.921***

0.857***

0.964

1.154

[0.029]

[0.034]

[0.028]

[0.028]

[0.082]

[0.137]

Employed

0.922***

0.859***

0.951*

0.845***

0.872

0.818

[0.024]

[0.025]

[0.026]

[0.027]

[0.103]

[0.105]

ln(income_ppp)

1.025***

0.995

1.014*

0.993

1.001

0.98

[0.008]

[0.006]

[0.008]

[0.006]

[0.024]

[0.025]

Present smoker

0.833***

0.938**

0.835***

0.966

0.911

0.744***

[0.023]

[0.024]

[0.024]

[0.026]

[0.098]

[0.082]

Regular alcohol consumption

0.964**

0.876***

0.962**

0.913***

0.858**

0.837**

[0.018]

[0.017]

[0.019]

[0.019]

[0.053]

[0.074]

Regular physical activity

0.883***

0.920***

0.907***

0.908***

0.842***

0.761***

[0.015]

[0.018]

[0.017]

[0.019]

[0.054]

[0.065]

ADL scale

1.042**

1.129***

1.012

1.101***

1.272***

1.120**

[0.017]

[0.015]

[0.023]

[0.012]

[0.040]

[0.060]

Number of chronic diseases

1.339***

1.144***

1.338***

1.116***

1.329***

1.090***

[0.010]

[0.008]

[0.012]

[0.008]

[0.028]

[0.034]

Cognitive impairment

0.942***

1.019

0.978

1.063***

0.890*

1.164*

[0.020]

[0.021]

[0.024]

[0.022]

[0.062]

[0.102]

Sensory impairment

0.989

0.992

0.988

1.01

1.167***

0.946

[0.017]

[0.017]

[0.019]

[0.019]

[0.066]

[0.072]

Austria

1.345***

1.224***

1.112**

1.338***

2.069***

1.073

[0.069]

[0.059]

[0.055]

[0.068]

[0.260]

[0.196]

Germany

1.984***

1.652***

1.346***

1.496***

1.924***

0.908

[0.071]

[0.080]

[0.054]

[0.074]

[0.234]

[0.159]

Netherlands

1.133***

1.135***

0.948

0.867***

0.894

0.781

[0.040]

[0.051]

[0.040]

[0.042]

[0.115]

[0.121]

Spain

1.419***

1.158***

1.182***

1.337***

0.704**

0.616***

[0.057]

[0.053]

[0.058]

[0.064]

[0.097]

[0.102]

Italy

1.529***

1.491***

1.156***

1.853***

0.837

0.629***

[0.060]

[0.065]

[0.050]

[0.086]

[0.109]

[0.100]

France

1.673***

1.271***

1.610***

1.333***

1.276**

0.954

[0.057]

[0.057]

[0.060]

[0.062]

[0.151]

[0.143]

Switzerland

1.124***

1.151**

0.921*

1.100

1.458***

1.396

[0.049]

[0.068]

[0.045]

[0.070]

[0.198]

[0.290]

Belgium

1.649***

1.426***

1.504***

1.569***

1.291**

0.734**

[0.052]

[0.057]

[0.053]

[0.067]

[0.014]

[0.014]

N

ll

AIC

BIC