Table 2 Stochastic frontier and metafrontier estimation results (t-statistics in parentheses). This tables documents the estimation results from the regression model in (1) - (4) using data from 2005 to 2014. The second columns shows the regression results for a pooled model for all countries. The last column gives the metafrontier parameter results as in (6). The t-statistics for the metafrontier parameters are based on simulated standard errors (simulation with 500 replications)
From: Health care service provision in Europe and regional diversity: a stochastic metafrontier approach
Pooled | Austria | France | Germany | Italy | Scandinavia | Spain | Metafrontier | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Output elasticities (x it ) | ||||||||
Intercept | 0.013 | -0.042 | 0.034 | 0.01 | 0.053 | -0.04 | 0.065 | 0.152 |
(1.42) | (-3.63) | (4.18) | (1.62) | (5.68) | (-5.91) | (4.05) | (11.31) | |
ln(doctors) | 0.092 | 0.261 | 0.465 | 0.219 | -0.07 | 0.539 | 0.161 | 0.125 |
(4.11) | (3.90) | (12.33) | (5.59) | (-2.44) | (11.31) | (4.54) | (3.46) | |
ln(beds) | -0.109 | -0.275 | -0.551 | -0.258 | -0.149 | -0.213 | -0.148 | -0.209 |
(-13.67) | (-4.91) | (-16.46) | (-5.75) | (-3.46) | (-8.62) | (-2.88) | (-6.99) | |
ln(popdens) | -0.006 | -0.071 | -0.049 | -0.058 | -0.034 | -0.079 | -0.016 | -0.035 |
(-1.47) | (-8.25) | (-6.53) | (-7.19) | (-3.17) | (-8.41) | (-2.21) | (-4.19) | |
Effects on inefficiency (z it ) | ||||||||
Intercept | -1.49 | -0.134 | 3.421 | -1.193 | 1.455 | -8.408 | 1.119 | |
(-1.87) | (-0.07) | (3.73) | (-1.36) | (1.69) | (-1.72) | (1.47) | ||
ln(gdp p.c.) | -1.83 | -5.878 | -2.449 | -3.344 | -1.38 | -1.765 | -1.056 | |
(-4.2) | (-4.43) | (-2.97) | (-4.78) | (-3.48) | (-0.67) | (-1.21) | ||
education | -0.031 | -0.019 | -0.089 | -0.128 | -0.39 | -0.139 | -0.12 | |
(-2.2) | (-0.34) | (-3.29) | (-6.04) | (-5.20) | (-2.10) | (-3.69) | ||
age65 | -4.26 | -25.972 | -22.513 | 2.791 | 5.303 | 23.964 | 0.303 | |
(-1.03) | (-2.60) | (-4.00) | (0.63) | (1.03) | (1.18) | (0.06) | ||
ln(popdens) | 0.564 | -0.937 | 0.343 | -0.451 | 0.092 | -1.954 | 0.212 | |
(4.03) | (-1.65) | (1.73) | (-1.70) | (0.54) | (-4.00) | (2.16) | ||
σ v | 0.994 | 0.932 | 0.953 | 0.943 | 0.966 | 0.924 | 0.984 | |
\(\gamma =\sigma _{u}^{2}/\sigma ^{2}\) | 0.318 | 0.92 | 0.882 | 0.72 | 0.846 | 0.731 | 0.842 | |
log-likelihood | 968.757 | 138.016 | 350.592 | 525.984 | 228.379 | 153.657 | 179.541 | |
no of observations | 1149 | 90 | 218 | 368 | 177 | 116 | 180 |