From: Health shocks in Sub-Saharan Africa: are the poor and uninsured households more vulnerable?
Variable | Burkina Faso | Niger | Togo | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ex-ante mean consumption | Ex-ante variance consumption | Ex-ante mean consumption | Ex-ante variance consumption | Ex-ante mean consumption | Ex-ante variance consumption | |
Health Insurance | ||||||
Not insurance coverage | 0.06 (−0.42–0.55) | 0.12 (− 0.13–0.38) | −0.32c (− 0.47--0.16) | 0.03 (− 0.05–0.10) | 0.09b (0.005–0.18) | 0.01 (− 0.04–0.06) |
Gender | ||||||
Female | −0.10c (− 0.14—0.07) | −0.01 (− 0.03–0.004) | 0.03 (− 0.05–0.06) | 0.002 (0.77—0.01) | −0.10c (− 0.15—0.05) | 0.01 (− 0.02–0.03) |
Proportion of sick individual | −0.09a (− 0.10--0.02) | −0.15a (− 0.03–0.00) | −0.07a (− 0.14–0.02) | 0.01 (− 0.003–0.02) | −0.05 (− 0.13 --0.25)9 | 0.03 (− 0.02–0.07) |
Head Education | ||||||
Primary | − 0.018 (− 0.05–0.03) | −0.01 (− 0.03–0.01) | 0.04 (− 0.01–0.08) | 0.004 (0.76−− 0.02) | 0.02 (−0.04–0.08) | -0.02 (− 0.05–0.01) |
Secondary | −0.00 (− 0.06–0.05) | −0.01 (− 0.04–0.02) | 0.11c (0.06–0.17) | 0.05c (0.02–0.08) | 0.07b (0.01–0.14) | −0.01 (− 0.05–0.02) |
High school | 0.50c (0.40–0.59) | 0.03 (− 0.02–0.08) | 0.35c (0.24–0.46) | 0.02 (0.57−− 0.04) | 0.09 (− 0.14--0.33) | -0.04 (− 0.18–0.10) |
Head Age | ||||||
30–49 | −0.07c (− 0.12--0.02) | −0.00 (− 0.03–0.02) | −0.12c (− 0.18—0.05) | 0.015 (− 0.01–0.05) | 0.04 (− 0.02–0.11) | −0.01 (− 0.05–0.03) |
50–64 | − 0.10c (− 0.15--0.04) | −0.01 (− 0.04–0.02) | −0.10c (− 0.16--0.04) | 0.03b (0.001–0.06) | 0.10c (0.03–0.17) | −0.02 (− 0.06–0.02) |
65 - | −0.13c (− 0.18--0.08) | −0.003 (− 0.03–0.02) | −0.09c (− 0.16−− 0.03) | 0.02 (0.01–0.05) | 0.03 (− 0.05–0.11) | -0.03 (− 0.08–0.01) |
Household size | ||||||
4–6 | −0.20c (− 0.25--0.15) | −0.06c (− 0.09--0.04) | −0.44c (− 0.52--0.35) | 0.05b (0.04–0.02) | −0.13c (− 0.18--0.07) | −0.0004 (− 0.03–0.03) |
7–9 | −0.19c (− 0.25--0.13) | −0.05c (− 0.08--0.02) | −0.77c (− 0.87--0.67) | 0.05a (0.05--0.00) | −0.21c (− 0.29--0.14) | −0.001 (− 0.04–0.04) |
10 – | −0.20c (− 0.26--0.14) | −0.06c (− 0.10--0.03) | −0.12c (− 1.23—1.01) | 0.066b (0.01–0.12) | −0.28c (− 0.37--0.19) | −0.01 (− 0.06–0.04) |
Household Characteristics | ||||||
Location | ||||||
Rural | −0.10c (− 0.14—0.07) | −0.02a (− 0.03–0.00) | −0.08c (− 0.12—0.03) | −0.04 (− 0.03–0.02) | −0.16c (− 0.21—0.11) | 0.01 (− 0.02–0.04) |
Good Hygiene | 0.04c (0.01–0.07) | 0.002 (− 0.01–0.02) | 0.06b (0.01–0.1) | 0.03 (− 0.02–0.02) | 0.08c (0.03–0.13) | 0.01 (− 0.02–0.04) |
Access to safe water | 0.04c (0.01–0.07) | 0.003 (− 0.01–0.02) | − 0.01 (− 0.05–0.02) | − 0.01 (0.24–0.03) | 0.03a (− 0.01–0.08) | 0.02a (− 0.002–0.05) |
Wealth quintiles | ||||||
Second poorest | 0.36c (0.32–0.41) | − 0.02a (− 0.04–0.002) | 0.56c (0.51–0.61) | − 0.03b (− 0.06—0.01) | 0.58c (0.50–0.65) | − 0.11c (− 0.15—0.06) |
Middle | 0.66c (0.62–0.70) | −0.02a (− 0.04–0.002) | 0.88c (0.83–0.93) | −0.04c (− 0.05—0.01) | 0.94c (0.87–1.02) | −0.109c (− 0.15—0.06) |
Second wealthiest | 0.98c (0.94–1.02) | − 0.01 (− 0.04–0.01) | 1.17c (1.12–1.23) | −0.03b (− 0.06—0.01) | 1.29c (1.22–1.37) | −0.11c (− 0.15—0.07) |
Wealthiest | 1.67c (1.62–1.72) | 0.08c (0.05–0.10) | 1.70c (1.64–1.76) | 0.02 (− 0.01–0.05) | 1.94c (1.86–2.01) | −0.05b (− 0.09—0.002) |
Number of household | 1551 | 1551 | 1292 | 1292 | 929 | 929 |