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Table 8 Economic impact (mean total cost): differences across sub-groups of comorbidities

From: Comorbidities and HCV coinfection in the management of HIV+ patients: evidence from the Italian clinical practice

 

The entire sample

HIV mono-infected patients

HIV/HCV co-infected patients

HCV Infection

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Absence of HCV infection

10,090.69 €

334.75 €

0.000

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Presence of HCV infection

17,074.70 €

1,187.14 €

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Cardiovascular disease

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Absence of cardiovascular disease

12,070.49 €

792.10 €

0.048

8,717.72 €

442.80 €

0.009

14,377.01 €

1,267.71 €

0.037

Presence of cardiovascular disease

14,404.40 €

871.29 €

10,643.30 €

429.75 €

19,005.54 €

1,813.91 €

Neurocognitive impairment

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Absence of neurocognitive impairment

14,518.94 €

800.07 €

0.000

10,425.92 €

395.75 €

0.042

18,884.83 €

1,554.33 €

0.000

Presence of neurocognitive impairment

10,271.29 €

301.04 €

8,709.13 €

497.84 €

11,513.49 €

308.11 €

HBV Infection

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Absence of HBV infection

13,164.39 €

643.60 €

0.153

10,121.96 €

376.05 €

0.831

15,960.67 €

1,164.25 €

0.035

Presence of HBV infection

16,571.34 €

2,276.63 €

9,926.26 €

698.56 €

28,944.94 €

5,772.21 €

Bone disease

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Absence of bone disease

14,089.24 €

83.74 €

0.043

9,878.89 €

316.44 €

0.028

21,076.62 €

2,064.49 €

0.000

Presence of bone disease

12,143.66 €

469.12 €

12,632.31 €

2,099.83 €

12,058.96 €

417.99 €

Renal Impairment

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Absence of renal impairment

13,749.50 €

666.56 €

0.012

10,099.74 €

352.08 €

0.922

17,297.56 €

1,238.65 €

0.384

Presence of renal impairment

10,858.28 €

909.77 €

9,972.35 €

1,025.99 €

12,275.78 €

1,685.48 €

Diabetes

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Average Value

Standard Error

p-value

Absence of diabetes

12,859.43 €

577.95 €

0.045

9,884.66 €

340.45 €

0.029

16,137.97 €

1,124.92 €

0.035

Presence of diabetes

19,048.37 €

3,120.83 €

12,670.23 €

1,452.30 €

22,001.21 €

4,472.99 €