From: Is greater generic competition also linked to lower drug prices in South Korea?
Variables | All | Duopoly (2) | Low-competition (3–25) | Medium- Competition (26–75) | High-competition (76-) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 986 | 305 | 554 | 88 | 39 | ||
Price variance | ||||||
Mean | 0.1167 | 0.0683 | 0.1160 | 0.2268 | 0.2566 | < 0.0001 |
Median | 0.0714 | 0.0130 | 0.0774 | 0.2004 | 0.2286 | |
SD | 0.1416 | 0.1000 | 0.1366 | 0.1782 | 0.1693 | |
ATC | ||||||
1 (J/L) | 168 | 58 | 97 | 11 | 2 | < 0.0001 |
2 (A/B/C) | 302 | 100 | 140 | 41 | 21 | |
3 (M/N) | 239 | 57 | 148 | 24 | 10 | |
4 (Others) | 277 | 90 | 169 | 12 | 6 | |
Route | ||||||
Oral | 635 | 156 | 354 | 86 | 39 | < 0.0001 |
Injection | 206 | 103 | 101 | 2 | – | |
Others | 145 | 46 | 99 | – | – | |
Year | ||||||
Mean | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 0.0001 |
Median | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | 2006 | 2005 | |
SD | 5.3662 | 5.2816 | 5.5529 | 4.5851 | 3.8231 | |
Types | ||||||
Biologics | 50 | 28 | 9 | 9 | 4 | < 0.0001 |
Chemicals | 936 | 277 | 545 | 79 | 35 | |
New drug application | ||||||
Yes | 154 | 34 | 96 | 13 | 11 | 0.0142 |
No | 832 | 271 | 458 | 75 | 28 | |
Manufacturers | ||||||
Domestic | 623 | 187 | 372 | 49 | 15 | 0.0008 |
Overseas | 363 | 118 | 182 | 39 | 24 | |
Price | ||||||
I (< 103 KRW) | 502 | 120 | 283 | 67 | 32 | < 0.0001 |
II (103 ≤ < 104) | 269 | 86 | 159 | 17 | 7 | |
III (104 ≤ < 105) | 154 | 67 | 83 | 4 | – | |
IV (105 ≤ < 106) | 55 | 26 | 29 | – | – | |
V (106≤) | 6 | 6 | – | – | – |