Table 1 General characteristics of micro-costing studies
From: Micro-costing in health and medicine: a critical appraisal
Characteristics | N (%) |
|---|---|
Distribution of disease area (based on ICD-9-CM diagnosis chapters)a | |
Neoplasms | 36 (18.5%) |
Infectious and parasitic diseases | 35 (17.9%) |
Diseases of the circulatory system | 21 (10.8%) |
Mental disorders | 19 (9.7%) |
Diseases of the digestive system | 15 (7.7%) |
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, and immunity disorders | 14 (7.2%) |
Diseases of the nervous system and sense organs | 7 (3.6%) |
Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | 6 (3.1%) |
Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | 5 (2.6%) |
Injury and poisoning | 5 (2.6%) |
Diseases of the genitourinary system | 4 (2.1%) |
Congenital anomalies | 4 (2.1%) |
Symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions | 4 (2.1%) |
Supplementary classification of factors influencing health status and contact with health services | 4 (2.1%) |
Non-groupable disease/condition | 3 (1.5%) |
Diseases of the respiratory system | 1 (0.5%) |
Complications of pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium | 1 (0.5%) |
Supplementary classification of external causes of injury and poisoning | 1 (0.5%) |
No specific disease/condition | 23 (11.8%) |
Distribution of study geographic locationa | |
USA | 72 (36.9%) |
Europe | 68 (34.9%) |
Asia | 23 (11.8%) |
Africa | 19 (9.7%) |
Australia/New Zealand/Micronesia | 6 (3.1%) |
Canada | 6 (3.1%) |
Latin America/Caribbean (including Mexico) | 2 (1.0%) |
Type of study designa | |
Observational study | 131 (67.2%) |
Randomized controlled trial | 64 (32.8%) |
Decision analytic modeling | 4 (2.1%) |
Other economic modeling | 2 (1.0%) |
Other study design | 2 (1.0%) |
Type of economic evaluationa | |
Cost effectiveness analysis | 47 (24.1%) |
Cost utility analysis | 11 (5.6%) |
Cost minimization analysis | 11 (5.6%) |
Cost benefit analysis | 3 (1.5%) |
Cost consequence analysis | 12 (6.2%) |
Cost comparison analysis (without evaluation of effectiveness) | 37 (19.0%) |
Single intervention cost analysis (without evaluation of effectiveness) | 45 (23.1%) |
Single intervention cost analysis (with evaluation of effectiveness) | 16 (8.2%) |
Cost of illness analysis | 21 (10.8%) |
Other economic evaluation | 1 (0.5%) |
Economic evaluation perspective specified | |
Yes | 129 (66.2%) |
No | 66 (33.8%) |
Actual economic evaluation perspective useda | |
Hospital/clinic/provider | 111 (56.9%) |
Societal | 40 (20.5%) |
Health care program | 21 (10.8%) |
Health care system | 17 (8.7%) |
Insurer | 9 (4.6%) |
Employer | 2 (1.0%) |
Other | 15 (7.7%) |
Price year specified | |
Yes | 131 (67.2%) |
No | 64 (32.8%) |
Currency specified | |
Yes | 194 (99.5%) |
No | 1 (0.5%) |
Inflation adjustment | |
Yes | 83 (42.6%) |
No | 7 (3.6%) |
Not specified | 86 (44.1%) |
Not applicable | 19 (9.7%) |
Sensitivity analysisa | |
Deterministic sensitivity analysis | 90 (46.2%) |
Stochastic (probabilistic) sensitivity analysis | 13 (6.7%) |
Other sensitivity analysis | 6 (3.1%) |
No sensitivity analysis | 94 (48.2%) |
Funding supporta | |
Government funding source | 79 (40.5%) |
Non-profit non-government funding source | 47 (24.1%) |
Industry sponsored study | 28 (14.4%) |
No funding | 15 (7.7%) |
Not specified | 55 (28.2%) |
Conflict of interest | |
Yes | 12 (6.2%) |
No | 76 (39.0%) |
Not specified | 107 (54.9%) |