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Table 2 Cost of unintended pregnancies by country

From: Development of a pharmacoeconomic registry: an example using hormonal contraceptives

Author, year, country and reference

Perspective

Cost of unintended pregnancy, millions (US$, 2020)b

% attributed to imperfect adherence

Trussell, 2013 (USA) [80]

Third party health care payer

5426

53%

Trussell, 2007 (USA) [81]

Payer

7056

NA

Henry, 2015 (Norway) [77]

Societal

42

60.40%

Engstrand, 2018 (Sweden) [78]

Societal

117

61.40%

Montouchet, 2013 (UK) [82]

NHS

330

NA

Lete, 2015 (Spain) [83]

Spanish National Health System

483

69%

Le, 2015 (South Africa) [79]

Payer

675a

NA

Black, 2015 (Canada) [84]

Public payer

293

69%

Lowin, 2015 (Russia) [85]

Generic payer

898

NA

Dieguez, 2015 (USA) [86]

Employer-Sponsored health insurance plans

NA

NA

  1. NHS National Health Service NA signifies values not mentioned in study. aCosts not adjusted for mistimed pregnancies. After adjustment costs likely to be lower. bDirect costs mentioned for all except Norway and Sweden which includes indirect costs. All costs converted to 2020 USD using IMF derived PPP values using CCEMG-EPPI- Centre Cost Converter (v.1.6) https://eppi.ioe.ac.uk/costconversion/default.aspx