Table 4 Results of logit regression (entire period of 2018–2020)

Odds ratio

Robust S.E.

Personal Characteristics

Women

1.889***

0.0000

Region

1.126***

0.0000

Middle School

1.009***

0.0000

High School

0.571***

0.0000

Two-year College

0.273***

0.0000

Four-year College

0.275***

0.0000

Master’s or Higher

0.401***

0.0000

Married

2.701***

−0.0001

Widowed

1.434***

0.0000

Industry

Agri., Forestry & Fishery

0.445***

0.0000

Mfg. & Construction

0.0669***

0.0000

Wholesale, Retail & Transport

0.110***

0.0000

Lodging & Foodservice

0.139***

0.0000

ICT & Sci. Tech.

0.0862***

0.0000

Financial Services, Real Estate & Facility Mgt.

0.0764***

0.0000

Public Admin. & Associations

0.108***

0.0000

Healthcare

0.0709***

0.0000

Arts

0.130***

0.0000

Foreign

0.608***

0.0005

Treatment group

Young (ages 15–29)

1.346***

0.0000

Time

Post COVID-19

1.031***

0.0000

Interaction term

Young X Post COVID-19

1.153***

0.0000

1.000***

0.0000

0***

0