Table 5 Difference-in-difference analyses
| Â | Intensity of CHE Coef. (95% C.I.) | Incidence of CHE O.R. (95% C.I.) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Crude | Full | Crude | Full | |
Year (ref = 2013) | ||||
 2015 | 0.034* (0.007, 0.062) | 0.025 (−0.001, 0.051) | 1.342 (0.909, 1.982) | 1.193 (0.784, 1.814) |
Treatment (ref = Control group) | ||||
 Treatment group | 0.069*** (0.046, 0.091) | 0.064*** (0.043, 0.086) | 3.233*** (2.364, 4.422) | 3.699*** (2.629, 5.205) |
 Year * Treatment | −0.034* (− 0.065, − 0.002) | − 0.033* (− 0.062, − 0.003) | 0.742 (0.485, 1.136) | 0.722 (0.456, 1.145) |
Gender (ref = Male) | ||||
 Female |  | −0.004 (− 0.028, 0.019) |  | 0.898 (0.641, 1.258) |
Elderly (ref = No) | ||||
 Yes |  | 0.016 (−0.000, 0.032) |  | 1.466** (1.169, 1.838) |
Education level (ref = Middle school or less) | ||||
 High school or more |  | −0.003 (− 0.018, 0.011) |  | 0.873 (0.716, 1.065) |
Presence of a spouse (ref = No) | ||||
 Yes |  | 0.022 (−0.003, 0.046) |  | 1.669** (1.161, 2.399) |
Economically active (ref = No) | ||||
 Yes |  | −0.022** (− 0.037, − 0.007) |  | 0.797 (0.653, 0.973) |
Living alone (ref = No) | ||||
 Yes |  | 0.019 (−0.005, 0.043) |  | 1.585*(1.115, 2.252) |
Equivalized income (ref = 1st quintile) | ||||
 2nd quintile |  | −0.091*** (− 0.109, − 0.072) |  | 0.373*** (0.297, 0.468) |
 3rd quintile |  | −0.124*** (− 0.146, − 0.103) |  | 0.214*** (0.161, 0.283) |
 4th quintile |  | −0.146*** (− 0.170, − 0.122) |  | 0.092*** (0.063, 0.133) |
 5th quintile |  | −0.163*** (− 0.189, − 0.138) |  | 0.037*** (0.022, 0.064) |
Private health insurance (ref = No) | ||||
 Yes |  | 0.005 (−0.010, 0.021) |  | 1.115 (0.909, 1.367) |
National health insurance (ref = No) | ||||
 Yes |  | −0.101***(− 0.125, − 0.076) |  | 0.186*** (0.132, 0.262) |
Presence of disabled persons (ref = No) | ||||
 Yes |  | 0.012 (−0.005, 0.029) |  | 1.147 (0.917, 1.436) |