Variables | General population | People with CVD | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
N | Percentage (%) | N | Percentage (%) | |
Total study population | 1,889,000 | 100% | 97,950 | 100% |
Ethnicity: | ||||
Māori (Indigenous New Zealanders) | 208,000 | 11% | 11,754 | 12% |
Non-Māori | 1,670,000 | 89% | 85,217 | 87% |
Country of birth: Oceania (including New Zealand, Australia and Pacific) | 1,450,000 | 77% | 80,319 | 82% |
Age: mean (in years) | 49.7 | 62.7 | ||
Sex | ||||
Male | 882,000 | 47% | 64,647 | 66% |
Female | 1,007,000 | 53% | 33,303 | 34% |
In paid employment | 1,341,000 | 71% | 44,078 | 45% |
Social family status: Spouse/partner | 1,377,000 | 73% | 68,565 | 70% |
Tobacco smoking status | ||||
Never smoked | 1,064,000 | 56% | 42,119 | 43% |
Ex-smoker | 478,000 | 25% | 38,201 | 39% |
Current smoker | 275,000 | 15% | 13,713 | 14% |
Official spoken language: | ||||
English | 1,825,000 | 97% | 94,032 | 96% |
Te reo Māori (Māori language) | 60,070 | 3.2% | 3,918 | 4% |
Education (from Census): Have a post-graduate qualification | 839,000 | 44% | 32,324 | 33% |
Potentially stressful life events Divorced, separated, or widowed (as declared in the Census 2013) | 233,000 | 12% | 18,611 | 19% |
On a social security benefit in 2013 (= 1/0) (where the total of all types of benefits was greater than NZ$1000 annually) | 207,000 | 11% | 12,734 | 13% |
Residential property: Own it (as opposed to rental) | 1,205,000 | 64% | 65,627 | 67% |
Individual income level (stratification based on tax rates) | ||||
Low-income (< NZ$30,000/year (US$20,750, €15,690)) | 681,000 | 36% | 57,791 | 59% |
Medium-income (> = NZ$30,000/year & < = NZ$70,000/year (US$48,400, €36,600)) | 669,000 | 35% | 21,549 | 22% |
High-income (> NZ$70,000/year) | 384,000 | 20% | 10,775 | 11% |
CVD prevalence 2013 | 97,950 | 5.2% | 97,950 | 100% |
Diabetes prevalence 2013 | 149,000 | 7.9% | 28,406 | 29% |
Other chronic conditions namely chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, various cancers and traumatic brain injuries (further information see data dictionary [35]) | 272,000 | 14% | 78,360 | 80% |
Use of CVD preventive medications in 2013 (at least 2 prescriptions) | ||||
Any anti-hypertensive medication | 368,000 | 20% | 33,303 | 82% |
Any lipid-lowering medication | 245,000 | 13% | 75,422 | 77% |
Any prescribed anti-thrombotic agent | 149,900 | 7.9% | 75,422 | 77% |
Any diabetes medication | 88,600 | 4.7% | 18,611 | 19% |
A history of atrial fibrillation (AF) | 27,000 | 1.4% | 10,775 | 11% |
A history of any hospital event for hypertension | 2,820 | 0.2% | 980 | 1% |