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Table 1 Description of socio-demographic and health variables used in the modelling – general population and people with CVD (aged 30–74 in 2013)

From: Predicting high health-cost users among people with cardiovascular disease using machine learning and nationwide linked social administrative datasets

Variables

General population

People with CVD

N

Percentage (%)

N

Percentage (%)

Total study population

1,889,000

100%

97,950

100%

Ethnicity:

Māori (Indigenous New Zealanders)

208,000

11%

11,754

12%

Non-Māori

1,670,000

89%

85,217

87%

Country of birth: Oceania (including New Zealand, Australia and Pacific)

1,450,000

77%

80,319

82%

Age: mean (in years)

49.7

 

62.7

 

Sex

Male

882,000

47%

64,647

66%

Female

1,007,000

53%

33,303

34%

In paid employment

1,341,000

71%

44,078

45%

Social family status: Spouse/partner

1,377,000

73%

68,565

70%

Tobacco smoking status

Never smoked

1,064,000

56%

42,119

43%

Ex-smoker

478,000

25%

38,201

39%

Current smoker

275,000

15%

13,713

14%

Official spoken language:

English

1,825,000

97%

94,032

96%

Te reo Māori (Māori language)

60,070

3.2%

3,918

4%

Education (from Census): Have a post-graduate qualification

839,000

44%

32,324

33%

Potentially stressful life events Divorced, separated, or widowed (as declared in the Census 2013)

233,000

12%

18,611

19%

On a social security benefit in 2013 (= 1/0) (where the total of all types of benefits was greater than NZ$1000 annually)

207,000

11%

12,734

13%

Residential property: Own it (as opposed to rental)

1,205,000

64%

65,627

67%

Individual income level (stratification based on tax rates)

Low-income (< NZ$30,000/year (US$20,750, €15,690))

681,000

36%

57,791

59%

Medium-income (> = NZ$30,000/year & <  = NZ$70,000/year (US$48,400, €36,600))

669,000

35%

21,549

22%

High-income (> NZ$70,000/year)

384,000

20%

10,775

11%

CVD prevalence 2013

97,950

5.2%

97,950

100%

Diabetes prevalence 2013

149,000

7.9%

28,406

29%

Other chronic conditions namely chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, various cancers and traumatic brain injuries (further information see data dictionary [35])

272,000

14%

78,360

80%

Use of CVD preventive medications in 2013 (at least 2 prescriptions)

Any anti-hypertensive medication

368,000

20%

33,303

82%

Any lipid-lowering medication

245,000

13%

75,422

77%

Any prescribed anti-thrombotic agent

149,900

7.9%

75,422

77%

Any diabetes medication

88,600

4.7%

18,611

19%

A history of atrial fibrillation (AF)

27,000

1.4%

10,775

11%

A history of any hospital event for hypertension

2,820

0.2%

980

1%

  1. Notes: Some numbers were not consistent due to random rounding and decimal places to comply with the IDI confidentiality rules