Table 4 Risk preferences as an enrollment-status determinant: Model 2. Multi-nominal regressions (previously insured vs. currently insured)^a

Base outcome (currently insured)

 Risk aversion

  RP4 (Strong = 1)

RP2

(High = 1)

  Medium = 2

Low = 2

1.27 (0.86–1.85)

0.223

1.89 (1.38–2.61)

0.000***

  Moderate = 3

2.76 (1.20–6.33)

0.017**

  Weak = 4

1.72 (0.99–2.97)

0.053*

CONTROL VARIABLES

 Socio-demographic variables

  Age (40–59 years = 1)

   18–25

0.58 (0.21–1.59)

0.289

0.58 (0.23–1.46)

0.246

0.60 (0.22–1.65)

0.321

   26–39

1.07 (0.52–2.22)

0.852

1.07 (0.49–2.29)

0.863

1.06 (0.52–2.14)

0.879

   60 + 

0.66 (0.39–1.10)

0.112

0.62 (0.43–0.89)

0.011**

0.63 (0.41–0.97)

0.036**

  Income3 (Low = 1)

   Medium

0.64 (0.60–0.69)

0.000***

0.73 (0.69–0.77)

0.000***

0.72 (0.71–0.72)

0.000***

   High

0.38 (0.15–0.93)

0.033**

0.51(0.41–0.65)

0.000***

0.51 (0.41–0.63)

0.000***

  Gender (Male = 1)

   Female

0.93 (0.48–1.82)

0.838

0.91 (0.45–1.84)

0.791

0.91 (0.46–1.82)

0.797

  Education (no formal education = 1)

   Primary education

1.10 (1.08–1.12)

0.000***

1.06 (1.05–1.08)

0.000***

1.07 (1.05–1.09)

0.000***

   Secondary educ. + 

0.82 (0.67–1.01)

0.056*

0.81 (0.58–1.13)

0.223

0.79 (0.59–1.08)

0.149

  Household size (1–3 = 1)

   4–6

0.97 (0.64–1.46)

0.885

0.95 (0.64–1.39)

0.768

0.95 (0.65–1.39)

0.8

   7–9

0.99 (0.36–2.79)

0.998

1.03 (0.36–2.88)

0.968

1.03 (0.38–2.77)

0.96

   10 + 

0.99 (0.40–2.50)

0.994

1.12 (0.43–2.85)

0.831

1.09 (0.49–2.42)

0.824

  Marital status (unmarried = 1)

   Married

0.90 (0.51–1.59)

0.723

0.91 (0.49–1.67)

0.749

0.89 (0.50–1.60)

0.716

  Health-related variables

   EQ-5D

1.43 (0.47–4.31)

0.53

1.44 (0.55–3.79)

0.462

1.42 (0.53–3.81)

0.49

  Fear of sickness (No = 1)

   Yes

1.08 (0.90–1.29)

0.421

1.07 (0.79–1.44)

0.681

1.09 (0.82–1.45)

0.548

  Chronic diseases (No = 1)

   Yes

0.58 (0.34–0.99)

0.045**

0.58 (0.33–0.97)

0.047**

0.58 (0.33–1.02)

0.057*

  Perception variables

   Quality of care

0.86 (0.81–0.91)

0.000***

0.83 (0.76–0.91)

0.000***

0.83 (0.75–0.92)

0.000***

   Benefit-premium ratio

1.16 (0.85–1.60)

0.345

1.16 (0.86–1.57)

0.328

1.17 (0.85–1.61)

0.342

   Premium affordability

0.69 (0.51–0.95)

0.021**

0.69 (0.50–0.96)

0.029**

0.69 (0.51–0.96)

0.026**

   Scheme leader trust

0.76 (0.55–1.06)

0.094*

0.76 (0.59–0.97)

0.03**

0.75 (0.57–0.98)

0.040**

   Traditional healers

1.20 (1.18–1.23)

0.000***

1.25 (1.24–1.27)

0.000***

1.25 (1.16–1.34)

0.000***