Universal health coverage in the context of population ageing: catastrophic health expenditure and unmet need for healthcare

Table 4 Determinants of unmet need

	All	Age < 64	65 ≤ Age
Age	0.18**	0.17**
	(0.01)	(0.02)
Age²	-0.00**	-0.00	-0.00
	(0.00)	(0.00)	(0.00)
Age³	0.00**	0.00	0.00
	(0.00)	(0.00)	(0.00)
Marital status (Single)	0.01	0.01	0.01
	(0.01)	(0.02)	(0.02)
Employed	0.01#	0.02*	0.01
	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)
House ownership	-0.01	0.00	-0.05#
	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.03)
Household size	-0.00	-0.00	-0.01
	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.02)
Income	0.00	0.00	0.00
	(0.00)	(0.00)	(0.00)
Savings	-0.00**	-0.00**	-0.00#
	(0.00)	(0.00)	(0.00)
SRH (Bad or very bad)	-0.01*	-0.01*	-0.00
	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)
Current smoker	0.03*	0.02#	0.06*
	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.02)
Current alcohol consumption	0.00	0.01	0.01
	(0.01)	(0.01)	(0.01)
Days of exercise per week	0.00	0.00	0.00
	(0.00)	(0.00)	(0.00)
Individual-FE	Yes	Yes	Yes
City-by-Year-FE	Yes	Yes	Yes
Constant	-8.19**	-7.07**	3.84
	(0.40)	(0.38)	(10.44)
Observations	34,782	25,953	9,757
Individuals	5,546	4,419	1,821

Note: Estimates by fixed-effects linear probability models; ** p < 0.01, * p < 0.05, ^# p < 0.10; Values are coefficients with cluster-robust standard errors in parentheses; FE represents fixed-effects; Income and savings are equivalised by household size and transformed by the inverse hyperbolic sine transformation; Household size represents the log-transformed number of household members; Weighted by longitudinal weights to address for attrition bias; singleton observations are not used for estimations.

ISSN: 2191-1991