Table 3 Proportion of participants delaying COVID-19 vaccination by vaccine safety and risk understanding
Variables | Group 1 | Group 2 | z | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Mean (Std. Dev.) | N | Mean (Std. Dev.) | |||
Vaccine safety- COVID-19 vaccines are being developed, tested, and authorized too quickly to be safe | ||||||
| Â | Agree/tend to agree | Disagree/tend to disagree | Â | Â | ||
 Delay vs. already vaccinated | 7286 | 0.507 (0.500) | 5762 | 0.203 (0.403) | -35.6 | 0.000 |
 Delay vs. as soon as possible | 6948 | 0.532 (0.499) | 4463 | 0.263 (0.440) | -28.4 | 0.000 |
 Delay vs. never | 6175 | 0.598 (0.490) | 1573 | 0.745 (0.436) | 10.8 | 0.000 |
Vaccine safety- COVID-19 vaccines may have long term side effects that we do not know of yet | ||||||
| Â | Agree/tend to agree | Disagree/tend to disagree | Â | Â | ||
 Delay vs. already vaccinated | 8621 | 0.462 (0.499) | 3571 | 0.222 (0.416) | -24.8 | 0.000 |
 Delay vs. as soon as possible | 8096 | 0.492 (0.500) | 2814 | 0.281 (0.450) | -19.4 | 0.000 |
 Delay vs. never | 6636 | 0.601 (0.490) | 1016 | 0.780 (0.415) | 11.0 | 0.000 |
Risk understanding- you can avoid being infected by COVID-19 without getting vaccinated | ||||||
| Â | Agree/tend to agree | Disagree/tend to disagree | Â | Â | ||
 Delay vs. already vaccinated | 5918 | 0.535 (0.499) | 6945 | 0.219 (0.414) | -37.1 | 0.000 |
 Delay vs. as soon as possible | 6204 | 0.510 (0.500) | 5003 | 0.304 (0.460) | -22.0 | 0.000 |
 Delay vs. never | 5519 | 0.573 (0.495) | 1960 | 0.777 (0.417) | 16.0 | 0.000 |